By Scott Boggess, CSP, CIE Director, Safety and Health, Preferred Employers Insurance

This article was originally printed in the November/December 2024 issue of the California Veterinarian magazine.

California is known for its mild weather, but winter can bring unexpected and potentially hazardous driving conditions, especially in mountainous areas and the colder northern regions of the state. While most Californians might not face the same winter challenges as drivers in other states, understanding how to drive safely during winter is crucial for everyone, including mobile veterinary practitioners who need to take appointments during inclement weather. Here are some essential tips for navigating California’s roads safely during the winter months.

Understand the Weather Conditions

Winter weather in California can vary significantly depending on the region. Coastal areas may experience heavy rains or fog, while the Sierra Nevada and other mountainous regions can see snow and ice. Always check the weather forecast before heading out, especially if you’re planning to travel through higher elevations where snow is more likely. Websites like Caltrans (California Department of Transportation, dot.ca.gov) provide real-time road conditions, including chain control requirements, road closures, and weather alerts.

Prepare Your Vehicle

Preparation is key to safe winter driving. Ensure your vehicle is winter-ready by checking the following:

• Tires: Make sure your tires are in good condition, properly inflated, and have adequate tread depth. In areas prone to snow, consider using winter tires or carrying tire chains. California law requires drivers to carry chains when driving in snowy areas, even if you have a four-wheel-drive vehicle.
• Battery: Cold weather can be hard on car batteries. Have your battery tested to ensure it’s in good working order.
• Fluids: Keep your windshield washer fluid full and use a winter-grade solution that won’t freeze. Also, ensure your engine coolant is topped off and appropriate for colder temperatures.
• Wipers: Replace your windshield wipers if they are worn out, as you’ll need them to clear rain, snow, and ice effectively.
• Lights: Ensure all your vehicle’s lights are working properly, including headlights, brake lights, and turn signals. Visibility can be significantly reduced during winter weather, so functioning lights are essential.

Practice Safe Driving Techniques

Winter driving requires a different set of skills compared to driving in dry conditions. Here are some techniques to keep in mind:

• Slow Down: Reduced speed is your best defense against accidents in winter conditions. Roads can be slippery, and stopping distances increase on wet or icy surfaces.
• Increase Following Distance: Give yourself extra space between your vehicle and the one in front of you. This extra distance will give you more time to react if the vehicle ahead suddenly stops or loses control.
• Use Gentle Movements: Avoid sudden braking, accelerating, or steering, which can cause your vehicle to skid. Make smooth, gradual movements to maintain control.
• Be Cautious on Bridges and Overpasses: These structures can freeze more quickly than regular roadways, so be extra cautious when driving over them.
• Avoid Using Cruise Control: Cruise control can be dangerous on wet or icy roads because it doesn’t allow you to adjust speed quickly if road conditions change suddenly.

Know What to Do in an Emergency

Even with the best preparation, emergencies can happen. Here’s what to do if you find yourself in a winter driving emergency:

• Stay Calm: If you start to skid, don’t panic. Steer gently in the direction you want the front of the car to go. If you have antilock brakes (ABS), as most cars nowadays do, apply steady pressure to the brakes. If you don’t have ABS, pump the brakes gently.
• Stay with Your Vehicle: If you get stuck in the snow, stay with your vehicle unless help is visible within a short distance. Your car provides shelter and makes it easier for rescuers to locate you.
• Keep an Emergency Kit: Carry an emergency kit in your car, especially if you’re traveling in remote or mountainous areas. This kit should include items like blankets, a flashlight, non-perishable food, water, a first aid kit, and extra clothing.

Be Mindful of Other Drivers

Not all drivers are experienced in winter conditions, especially in California, where many people are not used to driving in snow or ice. Be patient with other drivers and give them space. If you encounter someone driving aggressively or erratically, safely distance yourself from their vehicle.

Conclusion

Winter driving in California requires preparation, caution, and awareness of changing road conditions. By following these tips, you can help ensure that you and your passengers stay safe on the road during the winter months.